I Just Had a Thought...

Scientists would be out of a job if there weren't any engineers in the world. What would be the use of striving to understand nature if nobody took the initiative to harness its power? Certainly science is awesome and cool in its own right; but without engineering, it doesn't produce anything (for propriety).

Just a thought.

A Quote

"Often, it pays to bridge the apparent gulf between two seemingly unrelated fields of human endeavor."

-G. Harry Stine, Handbook of Model Rocketry

Random Tidbit(s)

If only Earth could be orbiting a start in this cluster:

Then we might actually have the means to visit other worlds. It this star cluster, called the Great Globular Cluster in Hercules, M13, hundreds of thousands of stars fit into an area about 150 light years across. Of course, the more you pack into an area of space, the greater the probability of catastrophic events, but I still like to imagine zipping around the galaxy exploring strange new worlds, like in Star Trek. In fact, that is pretty much the only thing I enjoyed about the recent feature film Avatar; the plot structure stunk and the storyline was disgusting, but I liked how the movie-makers were able to create a realistic feeling of space travel.

It is a very boring morning, hence the very random post. But in general I am excited to be graduating soon, and I look forward to this summer in preparation for college!

Tidbit of the Week

Tidbit of the Week--Tidal Locking

I've been doing a lot of tidbits on the moon lately. I wonder if it's because I've been thinking about the moon a lot lately. I guess so.

I never knew why only one side of the moon faces the Earth. I had some weird idea that maybe it was part of the Earth and it broke away and is still rotating at the same speed it's orbiting, or some such half-baked idea. But that's silly.

I was reading in 1001 Things Everyone Should Know About Science, and I read about land tides on the moon. Apparently, after hundreds of thousands of years these land tides have despun the moon, so now it only shows us one side. The book didn't go into much detail as to how this works, so I decided to dig deeper.

According to Wikipedia, these despinning land tide forces are called "tidal locking." In short, "The change in rotation rate necessary to tidally lock a body B to a larger body A is caused by the torque applied by A's gravity on bulges it has induced on B by tidal forces." That's enough explanation for me.

Tidbit of the Week

Ever seen an illusion like this? It's called the Ponzo illusion. Which line looks bigger? They are actually both the same, but the top one looks larger. This is because the human brain interprets the two slanted lines as parallel, like railway tracks. Railroad ties are all the same size, but the further away ones appear smaller because of perspective. But if the further tie appears exactly the same size as the closer one, the brain says it's bigger.

If you thought the moon actually appears bigger in when it's low on the horizon, go out with a ruler and measure. It only appears to appear bigger. It's an illusion.

There is a little known fact that people perceive the sky as bowl-shaped. In reality the sky is thought of as a dome shape, like a hemisphere, but when asked to point ou the midpoint between horizon and zenith, most people make a 30 degree angle, when the true midpoint is at 45 degrees. About a thousand years ago some Arab guy said the sky is probably subconciously compared to the ground in people's minds. The nearest point on the ground is directly beneath you, and the furthest point on the ground is way out at the horizon. So perhaps in subcouncious parts of the brain the zenith of the sky is compared to the point beneath your shoes, and that point on the horizon is waaaaaay far away.

So if the moon is really the same size on the horizon as at its zenith, the brain says "Oh, same size but further away. It's bigger!" Just like the Ponzo effect. But instead of two slanted lines that look like parallel railroad tracks, it's a domed sky that looks rather flattish.

I haven't actually tried this myself, but I think I will. I always thought that the moon looked bigger because the atmosphere of the Earth has more of a lens effect at that angle, but I guess I was wrong. This illusion idea is something I learned in part from the book "Bad Astronomy" by Philip Plait.

Be it known, however, that nobody knows for absolute certain why the moon appears bigger low in the sky. This is just an educated guess.

Tidbit of the Week

If nothing can travel faster than the speed of light, what if you had a spaceship traveling left at 99.99999% of the speed of light and had a second spaceship traveling right at 99.99999% of the speed of light? Relative to each other, wouldn't they be passing each other at 199.99998% of the speed of light?

A few years ago I didn't quite get this, but as I learn more about relativity, the clearer it becomes. In actuality, the spaceships would be passing each other at 99.99999999999999999% of the speed of light. Time actually changes to make sure that they never exceed the speed of light. The speed of light is the most constant thing in the universe, and even time conforms around it.

v = d/t

So if v is constant, time has to travel faster for the pilots of the spaceships than for an outside observer.